South Sumatra (Indonesian: Sumatera Selatan) is a province of Indonesia. It is on the island of Sumatra, and borders the provinces of Lampung to the south, Bengkulu to the west, and Jambi to the north. Off the east coast are the islands of Bangka and Belitung, which were split from South Sumatra province to form the new province of Bangka-Belitung in 2000.

The capital of South Sumatra province is Palembang.

This province is divided into 10 regencies:

• Banyuasin (Pangkalan Balai)
• Lahat (Lahat)
• Muara Enim Regency (Muara Enim)
• Musi Banyuasin (Sekayu)
• Musi Rawas (Muara Beliti Baru)
• Ogan Ilir (Indralaya)
• Ogan Komering Ilir (Kayuagung)
• Ogan Komering Ulu (Baturaja)
• East Ogan Komering Ulu (Martapura)
• South Ogan Komering Ulu (Muaradua)

and 4 cities: Lubuklinggau, Pagar Alam, Palembang, and Prabumulih